Trying bootcamp can damage efi chip?

Not being able to install Bootcamp from a macbook catalina a1278 (mid 2012), I made a partition and installed windows from my other macbook (2011). In which both systems work perfectly.

Now when I installed the SSD disk in macbook 2012, at first it boots perfectly in mac os catalina. And from settings, select the bootcamp partition as the boot disk. and from there everything died.

When you turn on the macbook, "No bootable device" also appears:

The Alt (option) key does not work, it just turns gray and after a minute the text appears

I reset smc, pram and the same thing still appears

I tried to boot from online recovery mode but when the load is finished an x ​​appears

I disconnected all the connectors and peripherals and the text continues to appear

In the end I tried to boot without the flex and the SSD disk and that legend continues to appear

What else can I do?